Ransomware has become one of the most frustrating and costly cyber threats out there. One moment, everything's fine - then suddenly, your files are locked up, and someone on the other end of the internet is demanding money to give them back. Not exactly a great day at the office.
It’s not just “big businesses” that get targeted and fall victim to ransomware attacks, it’s your average small to medium sized businesses that are high on the hit list. This is because they generally have fewer resources or weaker security measures in place and so are easier targets.
So, what can you do to protect yourself? More importantly, if the worst happens, how can you limit the damage? Let's get into it.
What is Ransomware?
Ransomware is a type of malware that locks your files and demands a ransom payment to restore access. It typically spreads through phishing emails, malicious links, or infected websites. Once inside your system, it encrypts your files - essentially scrambling them into unreadable code - and holds them hostage.
The catch? Paying the ransom doesn’t guarantee you’ll get your files back. Believe it or not, cyber criminals aren’t known for their customer service.
How Ransomware Works
Ransomware typically follows this pattern:
- Infection – You open a dodgy email attachment or click a bad link.
- Encryption – The malware scrambles your files, making them inaccessible.
- Ransom Note – A message appears, demanding payment (usually in cryptocurrency) for the decryption key.
- Payment Decision – You either pay up (risky) or find another way to recover your files.
Unfortunately, new tactics are emerging all the time. Some ransomware gangs now use "double extortion" - stealing your data before encrypting it and threatening to leak it unless you pay up.
Preventing a Ransomware Attack
The best way to deal with ransomware? Don’t get infected in the first place. Here’s how to lower your risk:
- Keep Your Software Updated - Cyber criminals love outdated software because it’s full of security holes. Patching your systems and applications regularly cuts off many potential entry points.
- Use Reliable Security Software - A solid antivirus and endpoint protection tool can help detect and block ransomware before it does any damage. Keep it updated and running at all times.
- Be Cautious with Emails - Phishing is one of the most common ways ransomware gets in. Always verify unexpected emails, avoid clicking suspicious links, and never open unexpected attachments - even if they appear to come from someone you know.
- Backup, Backup, Backup - Regularly back up your important files to an external drive or secure cloud storage. If ransomware strikes, you can restore your data without paying a penny.
- Restrict User Access - Limit access to sensitive files - only give permissions to those who genuinely need them. This helps contain the spread of ransomware if an infection occurs.
What to Do If You Get Hit
Despite your best efforts, ransomware can still slip through. If it happens, act fast:
- Disconnect Immediately - Unplug your computer from the network to stop the ransomware from spreading to other devices.
- Don’t Pay the Ransom - Paying doesn’t guarantee you’ll get your files back - and it only encourages more attacks.
- Report the Attack - Report the incident to the authorities and relevant cyber security organisations. They might be able to offer help or track down the attackers.
- Restore from Backups - If you have recent backups, you can wipe your system and restore your files. This is the safest way to recover without giving in to cyber criminals.
- Seek Professional Help - If you’re not sure what to do, contact IT security experts. They can assess the damage and guide you through recovery.
Early Signs of a Ransomware Attack
Now, I know what your thinking: “That’s all very well telling me what to do directly after an attack. But can I spot a ransomware attempt and stop it in its tracks?”
There are warning signs of an attack attempt. These may be:
- An increase in phishing attempts: If your team see’s a surge in spam emails, that may be an indication that your business is being targeted. This is why staff training and awareness is key.
- Access alerts: You may see warning notifications, alerting you of someone trying to access your account or reset your password. Don’t ignore these. Again, it may be signs that a cyber criminal is targeting you or your business.
- Virus protection alerts: If an attempt has been made to place malware on your computer, your anti-virus may be blocking and alerting you of the attempt.
Further issues are likely a sign that a ransomware attack has been successful such as files becoming encrypted and names becoming scrambled. Even your computer’s operating system can be affected with performance issues.
How Businesses Can Stay Protected
For businesses, ransomware can mean serious downtime, financial loss, and even reputational damage. Here’s how to strengthen your defences:
- Train Your Team - Employees are often the weakest link in security. Regular cyber awareness training can help them spot phishing attempts and avoid risky behaviour.
- Implement Multi-Layered Security - A combination of firewalls, endpoint security, and email filtering can stop ransomware before it reaches your network.
- Develop an Incident Response Plan - Have a plan in place so your team knows exactly what to do if an attack happens. The faster you respond, the less damage ransomware can do.
- Consider Cyber Insurance - Cyber insurance can help cover financial losses and recovery costs in the event of an attack. Just be sure to read the fine print.
The Future of Ransomware
Cybercriminals are constantly refining their tactics. We’re seeing:
- Attacks on mobile devices – Ransomware isn’t just targeting computers anymore.
- Cloud-based attacks – Businesses using cloud storage need to ensure their accounts are well-secured. Just because it’s in the cloud, such as Microsoft 365, it still needs backing up.
- More sophisticated scams – Attackers are becoming better at crafting the scam emails, using AI to aid them.
Final Thoughts
Ransomware isn’t going away. In fact, in many respects, it’s getting harder to spot and harder to avoid. But that doesn’t mean you have to live in fear of it. By taking proactive steps - keeping your software updated, training your team, and maintaining solid backups - you can protect yourself and your business from major disruption.
But let’s be honest: dealing with cyber threats isn’t something you should tackle alone. If you’re not sure where to start, or if you want to strengthen your defences, we’re here to help. At PS Tech, we specialise in cybersecurity solutions that keep businesses safe from evolving threats like ransomware.
Don’t wait until it’s too late. Get in touch with us today, and let’s make sure your business stays secure.
